Essential Techniques for Teaching Young Children to Speak
Speaking is one of the most important forms of language communication. For a child to learn how to express thoughts through speech, they must first understand the meaning behind words. As parents, the key is to first develop your child’s comprehension skills, laying a solid language foundation before encouraging verbal expression.
Listening Comes Before Speaking
When speaking to your child, make sure you have their attention. You can call their name, gently tap them, or encourage eye contact before you begin talking. A quiet environment also helps your child concentrate and improves their ability to listen and learn.
Speak Clearly and Expressively
Use a gentle tone and vary your pitch to make speaking feel light-hearted and enjoyable. Speak slowly and clearly, as young children may not yet understand everything you’re saying.
Use Simple Words and Short Sentences
Since toddlers have limited comprehension, speak in short and simple phrases. For example, instead of saying “Give mommy the cup so she can drink water,” simply say, “Give cup.” You can also add common gestures to help them understand and make speech more engaging.
Examples:
- “Give” – extend your hand
- “Good job” – show a thumbs up
- “Me” – pat your chest
A Relaxed and Natural Environment
Let your child learn to speak in a relaxed setting. Forcing them to speak or perform in front of others can backfire and reduce their confidence.
Follow the Child’s Interests
Let your child take the lead and talk about things they enjoy. If your child loves building blocks, talk to them while playing:
“Jun-Jun is playing blocks,”
“Stacking high,”
“Building a car, well done!”
Choose times when your child is alert and happy. Play sessions don’t need to be long, but both of you should be engaged. Choose age-appropriate games and toys that match your child’s interests and developmental stage. For most toddlers, pretend play like “kitchen play” can be great for improving communication.
Seize Opportunities to Talk About What’s Around You
You are your child’s best language model. Talk often about things in your surroundings and everyday routines. Name new items and explain how they are used. Encourage your child to mimic you, but never force them.
Examples:
- During bath time – name body parts
- At the supermarket – tell them what you’re buying
- While reading – describe the pictures or tell simple stories
- On outings – talk about what you see along the way
Link actions and speech, e.g., “Mommy is washing the dishes,” or “Daddy is sweeping the floor.”
Use different types of questions to develop your child’s understanding and speaking skills:
- “Is it yummy?”
- “Are you full?”
- “What are you doing?”
Once your child is familiar with some vocabulary, gently encourage them to combine words into phrases or short sentences.
Encourage the Child to Speak
Give your child frequent opportunities to express themselves. Listen patiently and try to understand what they want to say. Avoid letting siblings speak on their behalf or finishing their sentences for them. For instance, if your child wants something, wait for them to say a word like “Give,” “Cookie,” or “Eat” before handing it over. Use these moments to teach the names of objects.
Respond Promptly to Their Speech
Always listen to your child and respond immediately with praise. At this stage, correct pronunciation isn’t essential. If your child mispronounces something, simply repeat it correctly without highlighting the mistake. Avoid mimicking incorrect sounds as it may encourage errors.
Stay Positive and Encouraging
Maintain a positive and supportive attitude. Never mock or scold a child for trying, even if their speech isn’t perfect. Praise their efforts to boost confidence.
Provide Other Stimulating Learning Opportunities
Arrange social activities such as going to the playground or attending birthday parties. You might also consider enrolling your child in a playgroup or kindergarten, where they can interact with peers and further develop language and social skills.
When to Seek Professional Help
If your child is 18 months old and you notice:
- Rarely responds when called by name
- Avoids eye contact
- Doesn’t understand familiar names like grandma, cup, or milk
- Doesn’t point to express needs
- Isn’t using any words
- Shows signs of hearing difficulties
Or if your child is 2 years old and:
- Can’t follow simple instructions without gestures
- Can’t identify simple pictures
- Only uses single words
Please consult a maternal and child health clinic, family doctor, pediatrician, or qualified healthcare provider.
Every child develops language at their own pace. Even if your child seems slower than others, there’s no need for excessive worry. With patience, encouragement, and consistent use of language techniques in daily life and play, you’ll help your child build a strong foundation for communication.
If you suspect hearing issues or have concerns about your child’s speech development, seek guidance from a healthcare professional.